GK& Current Affairs: January 2025 Roundup

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February 03, 2025

Current Affairs MCQ’S: Students World presents Total January Monthly Current Affairs MCQ'S for all dedicated students and readers preparing for various competitive exams.

1. Hisashi Takeuchi was recently reappointed as the CEO & MD of which company?

[A] Toyota India

[B] Tata Group

[C] Maruti Suzuki

[D] Samsung

2. Who became the first Australian to score a double century on Sri Lankan soil?

[A] David Warner

[B] Steve Smith

[C] Travis Head

[D] Usman Khawaja

3. ISRO launched its 100th mission using which rocket?

[A] PSLV-C60

[B] GSLV-F15

[C] PSLV-C59

[D] SSLV-D3

4. Amelia Kerr, who was named ICC Women's Cricketer of the Year 2024, belongs to which country?

[A] New Zealand

[B] England

[C] South Africa

[D] Australia

5. Greg Bell, who recently passed away, was a famous long jumper from which country?

[A] Germany

[B] Canada

[C] USA

[D] Australia

6. Who won the men’s and women’s singles titles at the Senior National Table Tennis Championships 2025?

[A] Jash Modi and Yashaswini

[B] Manush Shah and Diya Chitale

[C] Payas Jain and Sreeja Akula

[D] Akash Pal and Syndrela Das

7. Namdapha Tiger Reserve is located in which state?

[A] Arunachal Pradesh

[B] Assam

[C] Mizoram

[D] Manipur

8. Which organization has launched the enhanced Certificate of Origin (eCoO) 2.0 system?

[A] Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

[B] Export Promotion Council (EPC)

[C] Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT)

[D] Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO)

9. What is “WASP-127b” that was recently seen in news?

[A] Synthetic Drug

[B] Exoplanet

[C] Invasive weed

[D] Newly discovered species of Bee

10. Nagoba Jatara Festival is recently celebrated in which state?

[A] Odisha

[B] Karnataka

[C] Maharashtra

[D] Telangana

11. Which player won the title of Australian Open 2025?

[A] Novak Djokovic

[B] Alexander Zverev

[C] Yannick Sinner

[D] Carlos Alcaraz

12. Which two Indian cities have recently been included in the list of global wetland recognized cities?

[A] Indore and Udaipur

[B] Chennai and Kolkata

[C] Bangalore and Hyderabad

[D] Delhi and Mumbai

13. Who was recently awarded the ICC Umpire of the Year Award?

[A] Nitin Menon

[B] Richard Illingworth

[C] Michael Gough

[D] Kumar Dharmasena

14. Who won the ICC Emerging Men's Cricketer of the Year award?

[A] Yashasvi Jaiswal

[B] Ben Duckett

[C] Rinku Singh

[D] Kamindu Mendis

15. In which program has India recently joined as an observer nation?

[A] Eurodrone Programme

[B] Asian Defence Cooperation Programme

[C] NATO

[D] UN Peacekeeping Mission

16. Who was recently awarded the ECI Media Award?

[A] DD National

[B] All India Radio

[C] Doordarshan

[D] Sansad TV

17. Young Indian mountaineer Shivangi Pathak recently hoisted the tricolor on the highest peak of which country?

[A] Australia

[B] Brazil

[C] Nepal

[D] USA

18. Michel Martin has recently been elected the new Prime Minister of which country?

[A] Finland

[B] Belgium

[C] Norway

[D] Ireland

19. Who has been named the captain of the ICC Men's T20I Team of the Year 2024?

[A] Rohit Sharma

[B] Surya Kumar Yadav

[C] Pat Cummins

[D] Henry Classen

20. Which is the first state in independent India to implement Uniform Civil Code?

[A] Uttar Pradesh

[B] Assam

[C] Himachal Pradesh

[D] Uttarakhand

21. Which player holds the record for scoring the most runs without getting out in T20I cricket?

[A] Rohit Sharma

[B] Surya Kumar Yadav

[C] Tilak Varma

[D] Harry Brooke

22. Where is Khelo India Winter Games 2025 being organized?

[A] Jaipur

[B] Lucknow

[C] Chennai

[D] Ladakh

23. What is the main objective of 'Sanjay - Battlefield Surveillance System (BSS)'?

[A] Aerial surveillance only

[B] Disrupting enemy cyber security systems

[C] Monitoring army vehicles

[D] Increasing battlefield transparency and providing information to decision-making systems

24. What is India's rank in the Global Firepower Index 2025?

[A] Fourth

[B] Third

[C] Second

[D] First

25. What is First EA₹N RuPay Credit Card seamlessly integrated with?

[A] ATM network

[B] UPI

[C] Digital wallet

[D] Net banking

26. Who was recently appointed as the brand ambassador of FICCI FRAMES?

[A] Virat Kohli

[B] Sachin Tendulkar

[C] Akshay Kumar

[D] Ayushmann Khurrana

27. Justice Alok Aradhe has recently been sworn in as the Chief Justice of which High Court?

[A] Bombay High Court

[B] Delhi High Court

[C] Allahabad High Court

[D] None of these

28. Prabowo Subianto, the chief guest of Republic Day 2025, is the President of which country?

[A] Indonesia

[B] Malaysia

[C] Singapore

[D] Sri Lanka

29. Which country will host the Chess World Cup 2025?

[A] Norway

[B] India

[C] Germany

[D] USA

30. Who was sworn-in as the Chief Justice of Delhi High Court?

[A] Justice Alok Aradhe

[B] Justice Ajay Kumar Sinha

[C] Justice Deepak Mishra

[D] Justice Devendra Kumar Upadhyay

31. Recently, Virgin coconut oil of which city has been awarded the Geographical Indication (GI) tag?

[A] Puducherry

[B] Lakshadweep

[C] Andaman

[D] Nicobar

32. Who has recently become India's top chess player?

[A] Parimarjan Negi

[B] D Gukesh

[C] Arjun Erigaisi

[D] None of these

33. With whom has the Defense Ministry recently signed an agreement for Bridge Laying Tank?

(A) Lockheed Martin

(B) Hindustan Aeronautics

(D) Heavy Vehicles Factory

34. The historical Ratnagiri site, which was in the news recently, is located in which state?

(A) Odisha

(B) Assam

(D) Uttar Pradesh

35. Where did the Ministry of Tribal Affairs organize the National Conference of District Magistrates (DMs) on Pradhan Mantri Janman?

(A) Indira Gandhi Stadium, New Delhi

(B) Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi

(D) Red Fort, New Delhi

36. Maharashtra signed MoUs worth how much at the World Economic Forum 2025 in Davos?

(A) ₹7 lakh crore

(B) ₹4 lakh crore

(D) ₹6.25 lakh crore

37. Where will the first International Olympic Research Conference be held?

(A) Jaipur

(B) New Delhi

(D) Bhopal

38. What kind of missile is the Pralay missile that was in the news recently?

(A) Air to surface

(B) Wind from the surface

(D) None of these

39. Which country has recently banned TikTok?

(A) Germany

(B) USA

(D) Pakistan

40. Who has been sworn in as the 47th President of the United States of America?

(A) Hillary Clinton

(B) Donald Trump

(D) Kamala Harris

41. Who has been appointed as the new Director General of CRPF?

(A) Abhinav Kumar

(B) Rajeev Kumar

(D) Ajay Kumar Sharma

42. Where was the Flamingo Festival 2025 organized recently?

(A) Himachal Pradesh

(B) Andhra Pradesh

(D) Rajasthan

43. Where is the 27th International Glass Congress 2025 being held?

(A) Kolkata

(B) Mumbai

(D) Varanasi

44. How many winners were honoured in the 25th anniversary of the Gates-Cambridge Impact Prize 2025?

(A) 8

(B) 10

(D) 5

45. Which Union Minister has recently launched the Bharat Ranbhoomi Darshan App?

[A] Chirag Paswan

[B] Rajnath Singh

[C] Amit Shah

[D] Jyotiraditya Scindia

46. In which city was the Archaeological Experimental Museum inaugurated recently?

[A] Ludhiana

[B] Ahmedabad

[C] Vadnagar

[D] Jaipur

47. What is India's rank in the 'Future of Work' category under the QS World Future Skills Index?

[A] Fourth

[B] Third

[C] Second

[D] First

48. General V.K. Singh (retd) has been recently appointed as the new Governor of which state?

[A] Kerala

[B] Assam

[C] Himachal Pradesh

[D] Mizoram

49. In which city is the India Mobility Global Expo 2025 being organized?

[A] New Delhi

[B] Varanasi

[C] Jaipur

[D] Mumbai

50. Who won the ICC Men's Player of the Month award for December 2024?

[A] Yashasvi Jaiswal

[B] Jasprit Bumrah

[C] Pat Cummins

[D] Travis Head

51. Where were INS Surat, INS Nilgiri, INS Vagsheer built?

[A] Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers

[B] Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited

[C] Hindustan Shipyard Limited

[D] Cochin Shipyard Limited

52. Larsen & Toubro launched which multi-purpose vessel (MPV) for the Indian Navy?

[A] INS Vagsheer

[B] INS Samarth

[C] INS Utkarsh

[D] INS Surat

53. Recently 'Gaan-Ngai' 2025 festival is being organized in which state?

[A] Manipur

[B] Assam

[C] Meghalaya

[D] Rajasthan

54. 'Bhargavastra' micro-missile system has been developed by whom?

[A] Hindustan Aeronautics Limited

[B] DRDO

[C] Economic Explosives Limited

[D] Bharat Dynamics Limited

55. The Pavana river, which was in the news recently, flows in which state?

[A] Maharashtra

[B] Uttar Pradesh

[C] Himachal Pradesh

[D] Kerala

56. What is the name of the second multi-purpose vessel (MPV) recently launched for the Indian Navy?

[A] INS Vikrant

[B] INS Sangam

[C] INS Karanj

[D] INS Utkarsh

57. Prime Minister Ilza Amado Vaz, who recently announced her resignation, belongs to which country?

[A] Sao Tome and Principe

[B] Chad

[C] Democratic Republic of the Congo

[D] Cameroon

58. Nag Mk 2 Missile is developed by which organization?

[A] Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)

[B] Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)

[C] Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)

[D] Bharat Dynamics Limited

59. Diego Garcia Island, that was recently seen in news, is located in which ocean?

[A] Arctic Ocean

[B] Indian Ocean

[C] Atlantic Ocean

[D] Pacific Ocean

60. Ranthambore Tiger Reserve lies at the junction of which two mountain ranges?

[A] Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats

[B] Aravallis and Vindhyas

[C] Satpura and Vindhyas

[D] Himalayas and Shivaliks

61. Who has been appointed the new captain of IPL team Punjab Kings?

[A] Steve Smith

[B] Shreyas Iyer

[C] Axar Patel

[D] Yuzvendra Chahal

62. With which institutions has C-DOT signed an agreement to develop wideband spectrum-sensor ASIC-chip?

[A] IIT Kharagpur and IIT Hyderabad

[B] IIT Delhi and IIT Kanpur

[C] IIT Jammu and IIT Mandi

[D] IIT Bombay and IIT Madras

63. Nag Mark 2 anti-tank guided missile has been developed by which organisation?

[A] ISRO

[B] Indian Ordnance Factory

[C] BEL

[D] DRDO

64. Who has been appointed as the chairman of the newly-formed Athletes Commission of AFI?

[A] PT Usha

[B] Neeraj Chopra

[C] Bajrang Punia

[D] Anju Bobby George

65. Recently Nawaf Salam has been appointed as the new Prime Minister of which country?

[A] Bahrain

[B] Qatar

[C] Lebanon

[D] Pakistan

66. Who recently launched the India Cleantech Manufacturing Platform?

[A] Piyush Goyal

[B] Amit Shah

[C] Rajnath Singh

[D] Jyotiraditya Scindia

67. Who inaugurated the Z-Morh Tunnel or Sonamarg Tunnel?

[A] Amit Shah

[B] Rajnath Singh

[C] Piyush Goyal

[D] Narendra Modi

68. Which country will host the 28th Conference of Speakers and Presiding Officers of Parliaments of Commonwealth countries?

[A] France

[B] India

[C] Japan

[D] USA

69. Who was recently appointed as the new Secretary of BCCI?

[A] Angad Bedi

[B] Nikhil Chopra

[C] Rajeev Shukla

[D] Devjit Saikia

70. Which is the biggest annual festival for the Hatti tribes of the Trans-Giri region in Himachal Pradesh?

[A] Harvest festival

[B] Lohri

[C] Boda festival

[D] Dussehra

71. Who has been appointed the new chairman of the Indian Police Foundation?

[A] Abhinav Kumar

[B] Rameshwar Sinha

[C] OP Singh

[D] Rajiv Ranjan

72. Which country is the host of 28th Conference of Speakers and Presiding Officers of Parliaments of Commonwealth Countries (CSPOC)?

[A] Australia

[B] India

[C] Malaysia

[D] Bangladesh

73. Project Veer Gatha 4.0 a joint initiative of which ministries?

[A] Ministry of Education and Ministry of Sports

[B] Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of Youth Affairs

[C] Ministry of Defence and Ministry of Education

[D] Ministry of Culture and Ministry of Defence

74. The National Youth Day is celebrated on 12th January every year in commemoration of which Indian leader?

[A] Chandra Shekhar Azad

[B] APJ Abdul Kalam

[C] Swami Vivekananda

[D] Bhagat Singh

75. Desert National Park is located in which city?

[A] Bikaner

[B] Jaisalmer

[C] Jodhpur

[D] Pushkar

76. Which ministry has launched the National River Traffic and Navigation System (NRT & NS)?

[A] Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways

[B] Ministry of Jal Shakti

[C] Ministry of DefenceIndia cultural tours

[D] Ministry of Road Transport and Highways

77. Joseph Aoun has been elected as president of which country?

[A] Lebanon

[B] Qatar

[C] Yemen

[D] Oman

78. What is the name of portal launched by government to make genome data accessible to researchers in India and abroad?

[A] Indian Genomic Repository (IGC) Portal

[B] Genome Access Portal

[C] Life Science Data Bank

[D] Indian Biological Data Centre (IBDC) Portal

79. Which organization released the World Economic Situation and Prospects 2025 report?

[A] Asian Development Bank (ADB)

[B] United Nations (UN)

[C] World Bank

[D] International Monetary Fund (IMF)

80. Mount Ibu, which was seen in the news, is located in which country?

[A] Vietnam

[B] Malaysia

[C] Indonesia

[D] Philippines

81. Which state government has launched PARTH Yojana (Police Army Recruitment Training & Hunar)?

[A] Bihar

[B] Uttar Pradesh

[C] Jharkhand

[D] Madhya Pradesh

82. In whose honor has the Himachal Pradesh government renamed the Himachal Pradesh Institute of Public Administration?

[A] Atal Bihari Vajpayee

[B] Jawaharlal Nehru

[C] Indira Gandhi

[D] Dr. Manmohan Singh

83. Where was India's first cable-stayed railway bridge inaugurated?

[A] Himachal Pradesh

[B] Jammu and Kashmir

[C] Arunachal Pradesh

[D] Tamil Nadu

84. Where did PM Modi lay the foundation stone of India's first green hydrogen hub?

[A] Chennai

[B] Ahmedabad

[C] Mumbai

[D] Visakhapatnam

85. In which city did Uttar Pradesh CM Yogi Adityanath inaugurate the special 'Kumbhvani' channel of All India Radio?

[A] Varanasi

[B] Prayagraj

[C] Gorakhpur

[D] Lucknow

86. Where is the Developed India Young Leaders Dialogue being organised?

[A] Bhopal

[B] Haridwar

[C] Nashik

[D] New Delhi

87. John Dramani Mahama has recently been sworn in as the President of which country?

[A] South Africa

[B] Kenya

[C] Argentina

[D] Ghana

88. In which city is the 18th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas being organized?

[A] Bhopal

[B] Varanasi

[C] Patna

[D] Bhubaneshwar

89. What is the theme of World Hindi Day 2025?

[A] Hindi unity, world unity

[B] Global initiative for Hindi language

[C] Hindi unity and global participation

[D] Global voice of Hindi unity and cultural pride

90. Where is Aero India 2025 being organized?

[A] Bangalore

[B] Srinagar

[C] Mumbai

[D] Hyderabad

91. Who has been appointed as the new Revenue Secretary under the Finance Ministry?

[A] Ajay Kumar Sharma

[B] Tuhin Kanta Pandey

[C] Rajiv Ranjan

[D] Arunish Chawla

92. Who won the title of Under-17 Junior Squash Open 2025?

[A] Anahat Singh

[B] Rukayya Salem

[C] Malika El Karaksi

[D] None of these

93. Recently India and America have announced the co-production of which technology for the Indian Navy?

[A] American sonobuoy

[B] Climate monitoring system

[C] Marine drone

[D] Hypersonic missile

94. Who has been appointed as the new CFO of Signature Global?

[A] Rajneesh Kumar

[B] Nitesh Mukherjee

[C] Sanjeev Kumar Sharma

[D] Raghav Sharma

95. How much has Microsoft announced to invest in the next two years on AI and cloud infrastructure in India?

[A] $4 billion

[B] $3 billion

[C] $2 billion

[D] $1 billion

96. What is the NSO estimate of India's real GDP growth for the financial year 2024-25 (FY25)?

[A] 5.9%

[B] 6.4%

[C] 8.2%

[D] 7.5%

97. Which Union Minister launched the Bharatpol Portal?

[A] Jyotiraditya Scindia

[B] Amit Shah

[C] S. Jaishankar

[D] Chirag Paswan

98. What is the main objective of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) recently signed between FIU-IND and IRDAI?

[A] Enhancing cooperation in the fight against money laundering and terrorist financing

[B] Expansion of insurance schemes

[C] To promote financial inclusion

[D] Reduction in insurance premium

99. Who inaugurated the Gandhi Darshan Art Gallery near Rajghat in Delhi?

[A] Jyotiraditya Scindia

[B] Amit Shah

[C] Rajnath Singh

[D] Om Birla

100. Which country has recently become the tenth full member of the BRICS group?

[A] France

[B] Argentina

[C] Indonesia

[D] Nepal

101. Which Union Minister will inaugurate the Indusfood 2025 exhibition?

[A] Chirag Paswan

[B] S. Jaishankar

[C] Jyotiraditya Scindia

[D] Nirmala Sitharaman

102. Who inaugurated the Panchayat to Parliament 2.0 initiative?

[A] Amit Shah

[B] Jagdeep Dhankhar

[C] Om Birla

[D] Rajnath Singh

103. In which city did PM Modi recently lay the foundation stone of Central Ayurveda Research Institute (CARI)?

[A] Chennai

[B] New Delhi

[C] Varanasi

[D] Mumbai

104. Which city has recently been declared the world's most polluted city?

[A] Hanoi

[B] Paris

[C] Dhaka

[D] New Delhi

105. How many people were recently honored with the highest civilian award by US President Joe Biden?

[A] 19

[B] 17

[C] 14

[D] 10

106. What is the name given to the 'torch' of the 38th National Games?

[A] 'Tejaswini'

[B] 'ACHAL'

[C] 'PRABAL'

[D] 'BHART

107. Banded Royal butterfly has been spotted in which state recently?

[A] Sikkim

[B] Assam

[C] Mizoram

[D] Tripura

108. Which state launched the Ladki Bahin scheme?

[A] Gujarat

[B] Karnataka

[C] Tamil Nadu

[D] Maharashtra

109. Methylcobalamin, which was recently seen in the news, is an activated form of which vitamin?

[A] Vitamin A

[B] Vitamin B12

[C] Vitamin K

[D] Vitamin D

110. What is the name of the digital platform used by CAG to improve transparency and accountability in public spending?

[A] Public Spending Analyzer (PSA)

[B] Open Data Kit (ODK)

[C] Digital Transparency Toolkit (DTT)

[D] None of the Above

111. Centralised Pension Payments System (CPPS) is implemented by which organization?

[A] Department of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances

[B] Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO)

[C] Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

[D] Ministry of Finance

ANSWERS

1. [C] Maruti Suzuki

Explanation: Maruti Suzuki reappointed Hisashi Takeuchi as CEO & MD for another three years, from April 1, 2025, to March 31, 2028. The decision was made in a board meeting on January 29, 2025. Takeuchi has been associated with Suzuki Motor Corporation since 1986 and first took over as CEO & MD in April 2022.

2. [D] Usman Khawaja

Explanation: Australian opener Usman Khawaja scored his first double century on Sri Lankan soil during the first Test at Galle International Stadium. With this, he became the first Australian to achieve this milestone in Sri Lanka.

3. B] GSLV-F15

Explanation: ISRO recently successfully launched its 100th mission using the GSLV-F15 rocket. This mission carried the NVS-02 navigation satellite. On this occasion, ISRO Chairman V. Narayanan stated that their goal is to launch another 100 missions in the next five years.

4. [A] New Zealand

Explanation: New Zealand’s Amelia Kerr was awarded the ICC Women’s Cricketer of the Year 2024 for her outstanding performances. She scored 387 runs and took 29 wickets in 18 T20I matches, along with 264 runs and 14 wickets in 9 ODI matches. Amelia is the first New Zealand female cricketer to win this award.

5. [C] USA

Explanation: Famous American long jumper Greg Bell recently passed away. He was born on November 7, 1930, in Terre Haute, Indiana, and won a gold medal at the 1956 Melbourne Olympics.

6. [B] Manush Shah and Diya Chitale

Manush Shah won the men’s singles title at the Senior National Table Tennis Championships 2025, defeating Payas Jain 4-1 in the final. Payas Jain earlier beat Olympian Sathiyan Gnanasekaran in the semifinals. Diya Chitale claimed the women’s singles title, overcoming two-time champion Sreeja Akula in a thrilling 4-3 final. Diya and Sreeja also won the women’s doubles gold, beating Suhana Saini and Prithoki Chakraborty 3-2. Akash Pal and Poymantee Baisya won the mixed doubles title 3-0 against Jash Modi and Taneesha Kotecha. PB Abhinand and Preyesh Raj Suresh clinched the men’s doubles title with a 3-1 win. The event was organized by the Table Tennis Federation of India (TTFI), founded in 1926, headquartered in New Delhi.

7. [A] Arunachal Pradesh

An elephant was recently camera-trapped in Namdapha Tiger Reserve after 12 years, boosting conservation efforts. The reserve is in Changlang District, Arunachal Pradesh, near Myanmar and adjoining Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary. It lies between the Dapha Bum ridge of Mishmi Hills and the Patkai Ranges in the North Eastern Himalayas. The Namdapha River flows through the reserve, giving it its name. The vegetation includes Northern Tropical Evergreen, Tropical Moist Deciduous, East Himalayan Moist Temperate, and Moist Alpine Scrub Forests. It is located at the junction of the Indian Subcontinent and Indo-China Biogeographic Regions.

8. [C] Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT)

The Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) launched the enhanced Certificate of Origin (eCoO) 2.0 System to simplify export certification and boost trade efficiency. It features multi-user access, allowing exporters to authorize multiple users under one Importer Exporter Code (IEC). Aadhaar-based e-signing is now supported, along with digital signature tokens for greater flexibility. The system includes an integrated dashboard for easy access to eCoO services, Free Trade Agreement (FTA) info, and trade events. Over 7,000 eCoOs are processed daily, connecting 125 issuing agencies across the country.

9. [B] Exoplanet

Scientists detected supersonic winds of 33,000 km/h on the gas giant exoplanet WASP-127b. WASP-127b is located 520 light-years away in the Milky Way and orbits a sun-like star every four days. It is a hot Jupiter, orbiting just 5% of the Earth-Sun distance, with one side always facing its star. Its atmosphere reaches 2,060°F and contains hydrogen, helium, carbon monoxide, and water. WASP-127b is 30% larger than Jupiter but only 16% of its mass, making it extremely puffy. It has the fastest equatorial jet stream winds recorded on any known planet.

10. D [Telangana]

Nagoba Jatara is an eight-day tribal festival of the Mesram clan of Gond tribes, celebrated in Keslapur village, Adilabad district, Telangana. It is the second-largest tribal festival in India, after the Sammakka Saralamma Jatara. Tribal people from Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Karnataka, Jharkhand, and Madhya Pradesh also participate. The festival’s deity is ‘Nagoba’ (Sri Shek – Cobra). Rituals include bringing holy water from the Godavari River and the ‘Bheting’ ceremony, where new brides are introduced to the clan. The Gusadi Dance, performed by Gond tribe dancers, is a major attraction.

11. [C] Yannick Sinner

World number 1 tennis player Yannick Sinner won the Australian Open title for the second consecutive time. He defeated Germany's Alexander Zverev in the final in straight three sets, with the score 6–3, 7–6 (4), 6–3. In the final played in Melbourne on 26 January 2025, Sinner ensured his victory without losing any break point.

12. [A] Indore and Udaipur

Recently, Indore and Udaipur have become the first two Indian cities to be included in the global list of Wetland Recognised Cities. It was approved during the Ramsar Convention COP12 held in the year 2015. It recognizes cities that have taken extraordinary steps to protect their urban wetlands.

13. [B] Richard Illingworth

Richard Illingworth has been named for the fourth time as the ICC Umpire of the Year for 2024. This honor was given to him on 26 January 2025, making it the fourth time in his career that he has won this award. Richard Illingworth has officiated in many important matches in his umpiring career and has been praised for his decision-making abilities.

14. [D] Kamindu Mendis

Kamindu Mendis has been named as the ICC Emerging Men's Cricketer of the Year. This 25-year old young batsman from Sri Lanka has achieved unique achievements in Test cricket right in the beginning of his career. Kamindu scored eight consecutive half-centuries in his first eight Test matches, becoming the first batsman to achieve the feat.

15. [A] Eurodrone Programme

India has officially joined the Eurodrone programme as an observer nation, marking a significant step in its defence cooperation with Europe. This announcement was made by the Organisation for Combined Armament Cooperation (OCCAR). This effort reflects India's commitment to enhance defence cooperation with European countries.

16. [C] Doordarshan

Recently Doordarshan has been awarded the ECI Media Award for Voter Awareness in the Electronic Media category. The award was given for his extensive campaign titled Chunav Ka Parv Desh Ka Garv, which emphasized the importance of informed voting.

17. [A] Australia

Haryana's young mountaineer Shivangi Pathak celebrated India's 76th Republic Day by hoisting the Indian tricolor on Australia's highest peak Mount Kosciuszko. He achieved this feat on January 26, 2025 at 7:00 am IST which was an important moment for him and India.

18. [D] Ireland

Following the recent Irish parliamentary vote, Micheál Martin has been re-elected as Taoiseach (Prime Minister) of Ireland for a second term. His nomination received 95 votes in favor and 76 against. Earlier, he had held this post from 2020 to 2022.

19. [A] Rohit Sharma

Rohit Sharma has been named the captain of the ICC Men's T20I Team of the Year 2024, this achievement has been given to him for his excellent leadership of the team in the year 2024. Last year, India also won its second T20 World Cup title under the captaincy of Rohit. The team includes four Indian players Rohit Sharma, Hardik Pandya, Jasprit Bumrah and Arshdeep Singh.

20. [D] Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand has taken the historic step of implementing the Uniform Civil Code (UCC) today, 27 January 2025, making it the first state in India to do so. Its main objective is to establish equal laws for all citizens and to end discrimination on religious grounds.

21. [C] Tilak Varma

India's dashing batsman Tilak Verma has created a new world record in T20 international cricket. He accomplished the feat of scoring the maximum runs without getting out. As of 25 January 2025, Verma has scored a total of 318 runs in four consecutive innings without getting out, which has become a world record in itself.

22. [D] Ladakh

Khelo India Winter Games 2025 began on January 23, 2025 in Leh, Ladakh, which is the fifth edition of this national sporting event. The opening ceremony of the Games took place at the iconic NDS Stadium. The first phase in Ladakh will run from January 23 to January 27, 2025. The second phase will be held in Jammu and Kashmir from 22 February to 25 February 2025.

23. [D] Increasing battlefield transparency and providing information to decision-making systems

Defence Minister Rajnath Singh flagged off 'Sanjay - Battlefield Surveillance System (BSS)' in New Delhi. Sanjay is an automated system that integrates information from all ground and air battlefield sensors. It will enhance battlefield transparency and transform future battlefields through a centralised web application that will provide information to Command and Army Headquarters and Indian Army decision making systems.

24. [A] Fourth

India is ranked fourth in the Global Firepower Index 2025, retaining its position as a significant military power. The ranking ranks India among the top military forces globally, evaluated among 145 countries based on over 60 factors related to military capabilities, including military strength and resources.

25. [B] UPI

IDFC First Bank has launched the First EA₹N RuPay Credit Card, a new UPI-enabled credit card designed primarily for first-time users. This card is backed by Fixed Deposit (FD), allowing customers to avail credit instantly and securely. Also, the card has been seamlessly integrated with UPI.

26. [D] Ayushmann Khurrana

Bollywood actor Ayushmann Khurrana has been appointed as the brand ambassador of FICCI Frames during its 25th anniversary celebrations. The FICCI FRAMES Conference serves as a gathering for industry leaders, creative professionals and policy makers, featuring keynote addresses, masterclasses and cultural events.

27. [A] Bombay High Court

Justice Alok Aradhe has recently officially taken oath as the Chief Justice of the Bombay High Court. Oath by Maharashtra Governor C. P. Radhakrishnan administered the award during a function held at Raj Bhavan in Mumbai. Justice Aradhe is the 48th Chief Justice of the Bombay High Court and replaced Justice Devendra Kumar Upadhyay in the role.

28. [A] Indonesia

This year the chief guest of Republic Day 2025 will be the President of Indonesia Prabowo Subianto. This is an important occasion as we mark the completion of 75 years of diplomatic relations between India and Indonesia. Let us tell you that in the year 2025, India will celebrate its 76th Republic Day.

29. [B] India

India is set to host the FIDE Chess World Cup 2025 from October 31 to November 27, 2025. This was announced by a senior official of the All India Chess Federation (AICF). However, the AICF has said that the hosting rights were informally confirmed in January or February 2024 itself.

30. [D] Justice Devendra Kumar Upadhyay

Justice Devendra Kumar Upadhyay recently took oath as the Chief Justice of Delhi High Court. The swearing-in ceremony took place at Raj Niwas, where the oath was administered by Delhi Lieutenant Governor VK Saxena. Delhi Chief Minister Atishi Marlena Singh and other senior officials participated in this program.

31. [D] Nicobar

Recently, Virgin Coconut Oil of Nicobar district has been awarded the Geographical Indication (GI) tag. Let us tell you that it is completely handmade which reflects the cultural heritage of the local communities. PM Narendra Modi had discussed this achievement during his "Mann Ki Baat" address.

32. [B] D Gukesh

As of January 23, 2025, D Gukesh has emerged as India's top chess player, surpassing his compatriot Arjun Erigaisi in the latest FIDE rankings. The 18-year-old chess genius Gukesh is now ranked fourth globally with a rating of 2784 points. Let us tell you that Gukesh defeated Vincent Keymer of Germany after his impressive performance in the Tata Steel Tournament in Wijk aan Zee, Netherlands.

33. [D] Heavy Vehicles Factory

The Indian Ministry of Defence (MoD) has recently signed a crucial contract worth ₹1,561 crore (approximately $188 million) with the Heavy Vehicles Factory (HVF) located in Avadi, Chennai. The contract, finalised on January 21, 2025, aims to procure 47 T-72 Bridge Laying Tanks (BLT) for the Indian Army.

34. [A] Odisha

The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has discovered important Buddhist relics during fresh excavations at the historic Ratnagiri site in Jajpur district, adding another chapter to its 1,200-year-old heritage. It is located 100 km north-east of Bhubaneswar in Odisha. The site is situated on a hill between the Birupa and Brahmani rivers and is the most famous Buddhist site in Odisha.

35. [C] Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi

The Ministry of Tribal Affairs recently organized a National Conference of District Magistrates (DMs) on Pradhan Mantri Janman at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi. The objective of the conference was to address the unique challenges faced by Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) and to promote their integration into the socio-economic fabric of the nation.

36. [D] ₹6.25 lakh crore

At the World Economic Forum (WEF) 2025 in Davos, the Maharashtra government signed memoranda of understanding (MoUs) worth ₹6.25 lakh crore (about $750 billion) in two days. The initiative aims to enhance the economic scenario of the state and attract global investments to the state.

37. [C] Gandhinagar

The first International Olympic Research Conference will be organised from 27 to 30 January 2025 in Gandhinagar, Gujarat. The event aims to bring together researchers and experts in Olympic Studies to discuss contemporary trends, challenges and opportunities in the field.

38. [C] surface to surface

The Defence Secretary recently informed that for the first time, the indigenously developed Pralay Missile will be showcased during the Republic Day parade. It is an indigenously developed short-range, quasi-ballistic surface-to-surface missile. It has been developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) based on the Prithvi defence vehicle of the Indian ballistic missile programme.

39. [B] USA

The President of the United States has imposed a federal ban on TikTok. The decision comes after a US Supreme Court ruling that upheld a law requiring TikTok's Chinese parent company, Bytedance, to sell its US operations or face a complete ban due to national security concerns.

40. [B] Donald Trump

Donald Trump is officially sworn in as the 47th President of the United States on January 20, 2025, marking his return to the White House after a gap of four years. He also completed his term as the 45th President of America. Let us tell you that in the elections held in November 2024, Donald Trump had registered a spectacular victory.

41. [C] Gyanendra Pratap Singh

Gyanendra Pratap Singh has been appointed as the Director General of the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) with effect from January 19, 2025. This appointment was issued by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet on January 18, 2025. Singh, a senior 1991 batch Indian Police Service (IPS) officer and part of the Assam-Meghalaya cadre. He earlier served as Director General of Police (DGP) in Assam.

42. [B] Andhra Pradesh

The Flamingo Festival 2025 concluded on January 20, 2025 at the Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary in Andhra Pradesh, marking the successful revival of the event after a gap of four years. The festival was attended by thousands of participants, including over 3,000 students from nearby districts like Tirupati and Nellore, who were provided free transportation and food by the organisers.

43. [A] Kolkata

Union Minister of State for Science and Technology (Independent Charge), Dr. Jitendra Singh inaugurated the “27th International Congress on Glass, 2025” at the Vishwa Bangla Convention Centre in Kolkata. Eminent personalities from the global glass community, including Chairman of the International Glass Commission and Professor Hiroyuki Inoue of the University of Tokyo, were present on the occasion. ICG 2025 is being organized from 20 to 24 January 2025.

44. [A] 8

Professor Urvashi Sinha, faculty member of Light and Matter Physics at the Raman Research Institute (RRI), has been awarded the Gates-Cambridge Impact Award 2025 by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Cambridge, UK. Professor Sinha is one of eight winners celebrating the 25th anniversary of the Gates-Cambridge Impact Prize.

45. [B] Rajnath Singh

On January 17, 2025, the Government of India officially launched the Bharat Ranbhoomi Darshan App, aimed at increasing public access to India's rich military history. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh launched the app during the 77th Army Day celebrations to promote battlefield tourism and is part of a broader initiative to educate citizens about India's defence heritage.

46. [C] Vadnagar

Recently, the Union Ministry of Culture and the Gujarat State Government unveiled a state-of-the-art Archaeological Experiential Museum in Vadnagar. This inaugural ceremony was presided over by Union Home Minister Amit Shah. This landmark project showcases the rich cultural and historical heritage of Vadnagar, a city with a history of over 2,500 years.

47. [C] Second

India has emerged as a strong contender in the QS World Future Skills Index, ranking 25th globally and second in the "Future of Work" category, just after the United States, with a score of 99.1. The QS World Future Skills Index is a comprehensive tool that assesses how prepared countries are to meet the emerging demands of the international job market.

48. [D] Mizoram

General V.K. Singh (retired) was sworn in as the 25th Governor of Mizoram on January 16, 2025. He was appointed on December 24, 2024 by President Draupadi Murmu. Singh, who has previously served as a Union minister and Army chief, replaced Hari Babu Kambhampati in the role.

49. [A] New Delhi

Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the India Mobility Global Expo 2025 at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi on January 17, 2025. The expo is considered to be the largest mobility event in India, which will see the launch of over 100 vehicles from over 34 global automakers. The event aims to promote electric and sustainable progress in India's growing automotive sector.

50. [B] Jasprit Bumrah

The ICC Player of the Month award for December 2024 has been announced. This time the Player of the Month award in the men's category was given to India's fast bowler Jaspreet Bumrah, while Australia's Annabel Sutherland received the ICC Women's Player of the Month honor.

51. [B] Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited

Prime Minister Narendra Modi dedicated three new warships of the Indian Navy, INS Surat, INS Nilgiri, and INS Vagsheer to the nation at the Naval Dockyard in Mumbai on January 15, 2025. All these warships are designed and built at Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL), Mumbai, which is a classic example of the “Make in India” initiative.

52. [C] INS Utkarsh

Recently, Larsen & Toubro (L&T) launched the second multi-purpose vessel (MPV) INS Utkarsh for the Indian Navy. Its launch comes just after INS Samarth, which was launched just three months back. The launch of INS Utkarsh is part of India's broader initiative to enhance self-reliance in defence manufacturing and strengthen its naval capabilities.

53. [A] Manipur

Gaan-Ngai 2025 festival celebrated by the Zeliangrong community in Manipur began on January 12, 2025 and is scheduled to last for five days. This vibrant festival defines the biggest post-harvest celebration of the community.

54. [C] Economic Explosives Limited

India has successfully test fired its first micro missile system, Bhargavastra, designed to counter incoming drones. This is India's first indigenous micro-missile system designed to counter the threat of drones. It has been developed by Economic Explosives Limited. It can be rapidly deployed on a mobile platform and can engage targets at a range of over 2.5 km.

55. [A] Maharashtra

The National Green Tribunal recently directed the state-appointed rejuvenation committee to convene a meeting of stakeholders to set a new timeline for implementing the action plan to tackle pollution in the Pavana River. It is located in Pune district in the west of Maharashtra.

56. [D] INS Utkarsh

Larsen & Toubro launched the second multi-purpose vessel, INS Utkarsh, for the Indian Navy at Kattupalli Shipyard near Chennai. INS Utkarsh, meaning “Superior in Conduct,” is built by L&T Shipbuilding Limited. The vessel is 106m long, 18.6m wide, with a displacement over 3,750 tonnes, and a maximum speed of 15 knots. It will enhance maritime surveillance, patrolling, and disaster relief capabilities of the Navy. The launch follows the first MPV, INS Samarthak, within three months. This aligns with India’s Aatmanirbhar Bharat and Make in India initiatives, showcasing indigenous shipbuilding progress.

57. [A] Sao Tome and Principe

São Tomé and Príncipe Prime Minister Ilza Amado Vaz resigned after her proposed cabinet list was publicly leaked before informing President Carlos Vila Nova. Amado Vaz, a former justice minister, was appointed prime minister following the dissolution of Patrice Trovoada’s government. São Tomé and Príncipe is a small archipelago in the Gulf of Guinea, covering just over 1,000 sq. km.

58. [C] Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)

Raksha Mantri congratulated DRDO on the successful Field Evaluation Trials of the Nag Mk 2 missile. The Nag Mk 2 is a third-generation, indigenously developed Anti-Tank Fire-and-Forget Guided Missile. It is developed by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). It features fire-and-forget technology for precision targeting with minimal operator intervention. The missile can neutralize modern armored vehicles with explosive reactive armor (ERA). The Nag Missile Carrier version-2 was also field evaluated, and the weapon system is now ready for induction into the Indian Army.

59. [B] Indian Ocean

Fifteen Tamil Nadu fishermen were reportedly detained near Diego Garcia in the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) for crossing the maritime boundary. Diego Garcia is a coral atoll, the largest and southernmost island in the Chagos Archipelago, central Indian Ocean. It covers 44 sq. km with a V-shaped cay and an open lagoon. The UK leased Diego Garcia to the US in 1966 for a military base, displacing its inhabitants.

60. [B] Aravallis and Vindhyas

A flagship river-link irrigation project in Rajasthan will submerge 37 sq. km of Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve (RTR), dividing it into two sections. It is situated at the junction of the Aravallis and Vindhyas ranges in Rajasthan. It was once a royal hunting ground for Jaipur’s Maharajas and is now one of northern India’s largest tiger reserves. The reserve is ideal for tiger monitoring due to its unique climate and vegetation. It is bordered by the Chambal River in the south and the Banas River in the north. The Ranthambhore Fort, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, lies within the reserve.

61. [c] Shreyas Iyer

Shreyas Iyer has been officially named the captain of Punjab Kings for the 2025 Indian Premier League (IPL) season. Iyer has become the first Indian cricketer to lead three different IPL franchises. Shreyas has also captained Delhi Capitals and Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR) and is also the winning captain of the last edition.

62. [b] IIT Jammu and IIT Mandi

Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT), the flagship unit of the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), in collaboration with Indian Institute of Technology Jammu (IIT Jammu) has signed an agreement with Indian Institute of Technology Mandi (IIT Mandi) to develop Wideband Spectrum-Sensor ASIC-chip to boost spectrum utilisation. It aims to develop cutting edge next generation telecommunications indigenous technology.

63. [c] DRDO

India has successfully field tested a third-generation anti-tank guided missile, Nag Mark 2, demonstrating significant advancement in its defence capabilities. Nag Mk 2 is a third-generation anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) developed by India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).

64. [d] Anju Bobby George

Recently, Anju Bobby George has been appointed as the chairperson of the newly-formed Athletes Commission of the Athletics Federation of India (AFI). This commission consists of nine members including six women. Two-time Olympic medallist and star javelin thrower Neeraj Chopra is one of the nominated members.

65. [B] Lebanon

Nawaf Salam has been appointed as the new Prime Minister of Lebanon. President Joseph Aoun has recently announced this. He is currently the President of the International Court of Justice (ICJ). He secured 84 out of 128 votes during the consultative poll conducted by the President.

66. [A] Piyush Goyal

Recently, Union Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal officially launched the India Cleantech Manufacturing Platform at the India Climate Forum 2025 in New Delhi on January 11, 2025. The initiative aims to strengthen India's cleantech value chain in sectors such as solar, wind, and hydrogen

67. [D] Narendra Modi

Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Z-Morh Tunnel, now officially named Sonamarg Tunnel, on January 13, 2025. The tunnel was constructed at a cost of over ₹2,700 crore. The aim of this project is to increase connectivity between Srinagar and Ladakh.

68. [B] India

India will host the 28th Conference of Speakers and Presiding Officers of Parliaments of Commonwealth countries (CSPOC) in the year 2026. This was announced by Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla during the recent CSPOC Standing Committee meeting in Guernsey.

69. [D] Devjit Saikia

Devjit Saikia has been appointed as the new Secretary of the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI). This post had fallen vacant after Jay Shah became the ICC President. Along with Saikia, Prabhtej Singh Bhatia has been elected as the new treasurer replacing Ashish Shelar.

70. [C] Boda festival

The vibrant Boda Tyohar, the biggest annual festival for the Hatti tribes living in the Trans-Giri region of Himachal Pradesh, began recently with traditional gaiety and enthusiasm. This tribe is known as a close-knit community. Their name is inspired by the small markets or 'haats' where they traditionally sold domestic crops, vegetables, meat and wool.

71. [C] OP Singh

Recently, former Uttar Pradesh Director General of Police OP Singh has been appointed the new Chairman of the Indian Police Foundation (IPF). IPF is an independent think tank that works on police-related issues. OP Singh, who is a 1983 batch IPS officer.

72. [B] India

India will host the 28th Conference of Speakers and Presiding Officers of Parliaments (CSPOC) of Commonwealth Countries in 2026. Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla announced this at the CSPOC Standing Committee Meeting in Guernsey. The event will focus on artificial intelligence, social media, and their role in parliamentary processes. India previously hosted CSPOC in 1970-71, 1986, and 2010, showcasing its cultural heritage and modern development.

73. [C] Ministry of Defence and Ministry of Education

Project ‘Veer Gatha 4.0’ has received a huge nationwide response as part of Republic Day celebrations. It was launched in 2021 under Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav. The project aims to spread awareness of Gallantry awardees’ bravery and life stories, instilling patriotism and civic values in students. It is a joint initiative by the Ministries of Defence and Education. The initiative’s inspiring journey has expanded its reach nationwide.

74. [C] Swami Vivekananda

India celebrates National Youth Day on January 12, honoring Swami Vivekananda’s legacy of youth empowerment. The National Youth Festival (NYF) 2024, held on January 10-12 at Bharat Mandapam, is reimagined as the Viksit Bharat Young Leaders Dialogue. It is organized under the National Programme for Youth and Adolescent Development (NPYAD) by the Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports, with shared costs between the Centre and the host state/UT. The festival includes cultural events, youth conventions, exhibitions, and adventure activities, involving around 7,500 delegates.

75. [B] Jaisalmer

A group of 12 critically endangered Great Indian Bustards (GIBs) was recently spotted at Desert National Park (DNP) in Rajasthan, boosting conservation efforts. Desert National Park (DNP) is located in the Thar Desert near Jaisalmer and spans over 3,160 sq. km, making it one of India’s largest national parks. The park lies in an extremely arid region with annual rainfall below 100 mm. Its terrain includes craggy rocks, salt lake bottoms, dunes (20% of the park), and three main lakes: Rajbaugh, Malik Talao, and Padam Talao.

76. [A] Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways

The National River Traffic and Navigation System (NRT&NS) was launched on January 11, 2025, by the Union Minister of Ports, Shipping, and Waterways. National River Traffic and Navigation System aims to ensure safe and efficient operation of inland vessels. The launch took place during the 2nd meeting of the Inland Waterways Development Council (IWDC). IWDC, established in 2023, serves as an apex platform for policy discussions to promote inland waterways in India.

77. [A] Lebanon

Joseph Aoun, Lebanon’s army chief, was elected President on 9 January 2025, filling a two-year vacancy since Michel Aoun’s term ended. His election signals reduced influence of Hezbollah, following its war with Israel, and revived Saudi and international involvement in Lebanon. Aoun pledged to ensure state control over arms, rebuild areas affected by war, and prevent Israeli attacks. Aoun’s presidency aims to revive governance and tackle Lebanon’s economic crisis.

78. [D] Indian Biological Data Centre (IBDC) Portal

India launched the Indian Biological Data Centre (IBDC) Portals, making 10,000 whole genome samples accessible globally. The data set enables advancements in genomics, personalized healthcare, and medicine. IBDC supports seamless access to genetic data, aiding researchers in studying genetic variations and developing precise genomic tools. The Framework for Exchange of Data Protocols (FeED) ensures ethical and secure genomic data sharing under Biotech-PRIDE Guidelines. The GenomeIndia project, led by Department of Biotechnology (DBT), creates a comprehensive genetic diversity database for cutting-edge research. India plans to sequence 10 million genomes, enhancing innovation in healthcare, agriculture, and biotechnology.

79. [B] United Nations (UN)

World Economic Situation and Prospects 2025 report was recently released by the UN. According to this report, the Indian economy is projected to grow by 6.6% in 2025 and 6.7% in 2026, supported by private consumption and investments. The UN report highlighted the public sector’s role in funding infrastructure, digital connectivity, and social infrastructure projects. Capital expenditure on infrastructure will have strong multiplier effects, boosting growth. Manufacturing, services, and strong export growth in pharmaceuticals and electronics will drive economic activity. Favorable monsoon rains in 2024 are expected to boost agricultural output in 2025. Risks include geopolitical tensions, debt challenges, and climate hazards affecting growth.

80. [C] Indonesia

Mount Ibu, an active stratovolcano in Indonesia, erupted, sending ash clouds 3 kilometers high. It is located on Halmahera Island’s northwest coast. Mount Ibu is one of Indonesia’s 127 active volcanoes. Indonesia, part of the Pacific “Ring of Fire” with 127 active volcanoes, often experiences such events. A stratovolcano, or composite volcano, has a conical shape formed by layers of volcanic material from successive eruptions.

81. [D] Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh launched the PARTH Yojana (Police Army Recruitment Training & Hunar) to train youth for careers in the Army, police, and paramilitary forces. Chief Minister Mohan Yadav unveiled the scheme at the State-Level Youth Festival. The initiative fosters patriotism, skill development, and employability among energetic youth. Training includes physical fitness, written exam coaching (general knowledge, math, English), and personality development. Divisional-level training centers will be set up, managed by district sports and youth welfare officers. Rural youth coordinators and departmental employees will support the program. The scheme aims to channel youth enthusiasm into meaningful employment opportunities.

82. [D] Dr. Manmohan Singh

The Himachal Pradesh Government has honoured the former Prime Minister Dr. Himachal Pradesh Institute of Public Administration (HIPA) has been officially renamed in honour of Manmohan Singh. This decision was taken during the cabinet meeting chaired by Chief Minister Thakur Sukhwinder Singh Sukhu recently on the occasion of the 50th anniversary celebrations of Himachal Pradesh.

83. [B] Jammu and Kashmir

Recently, India's first cable-stayed railway bridge, Anji Khad Bridge, was inaugurated in Jammu and Kashmir which is an important milestone in the development of infrastructure of Indian Railways. The bridge connects the Katra and Reasi section of the Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Railway Link (USBRL) in Jammu and Kashmir.

84. [D] Visakhapatnam

Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently laid the foundation stone of India's first Green Hydrogen Hub in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh under the National Green Hydrogen Mission. Developed by NTPC Green Energy Limited in collaboration with New and Renewable Energy Development Corporation of Andhra Pradesh (NREDCAP), this project is a major initiative towards sustainable energy development in India.

85. [B] Prayagraj

Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath inaugurated the special Kumbhvani channel (FM 103.5 MHz) of All India Radio dedicated to Mahakumbh 2025 in Prayagraj. It will be telecast from January 10, 2025 to February 26, 2025. A broadcast time is from 5:55 am to 10:05 pm.

86. [D] New Delhi

Union Minister for Youth Affairs & Sports and Labour & Employment, Dr. Developed India Young Leaders Dialogue is being organized under the leadership of Mansukh Mandaviya from 10-12 January 2025 at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi. The aim of this event is to provide a better platform to the youth to present innovative solutions for a developed India.

87. [D] Ghana

John Dramani Mahama has been officially sworn in as President of Ghana for a second term after winning the December 2024 presidential election. His swearing-in ceremony took place at Black Star Square in Accra on January 7, 2025, attended by numerous dignitaries, including nearly 20 African heads of state and thousands of supporters.

88. [D] Bhubaneshwar

Prime Minister Narendra Modi today inaugurated the 18th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD) Convention in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The event, scheduled to run from January 8 to 10, 2025, celebrates the contributions of the Indian diaspora and is attended by participants from over 75 countries. The theme of this year's conference is "Contribution of NRIs in Developed India", which emphasizes the role of NRIs in the development of India.

89. [D] Global voice of Hindi unity and cultural pride

The theme of World Hindi Day 2025 is "A Global Voice of Unity and Cultural Pride". This day is celebrated every year on 10 January, the aim of which is to promote the Hindi language and highlight its cultural importance.

90. [A] Bangalore

Aero India 2025 will be held from 10 to 14 February 2025 at Yelahanka Air Force Station, Bengaluru. This is Asia's largest aerospace show and this is its 15th edition. This year's theme is "The Runway to a Billion Opportunities", which focuses on promoting innovation and global partnerships in India's aerospace sector. The first three days are scheduled for commercial activities, while on February 13 and 14 there will be events for the general public.

91. [B] Tuhin Kanta Pandey

The Government of India has made key appointments within the Ministry of Finance, appointing Tuhin Kanta Pandey as the new Revenue Secretary and Arunish Chawla as Secretary of the Department of Investment and Public Asset Management (DIPAM). Let us tell you that this reshuffle has happened a few weeks before the Union Budget to be presented on February 1, 2025.

92. [A] Anahat Singh

Anahat Singh, a promising young squash player from India, has won the Under-17 title at the British Junior Open 2025 held in Birmingham. This win is his third title in this prestigious tournament, earlier he had won the title in Under-11 and Under-15 categories.

93. [A] American sonobuoy

India and the US recently announced cooperation on co-production of US sonobuoys for Undersea Domain Awareness (UDA) for the Indian Navy, a high technology device for tracking submarines in deep seas and oceans.

94. [C] Sanjeev Kumar Sharma

Sanjeev Kumar Sharma has recently been appointed as the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of Signature Global. Sharma has over 30 years of experience in finance roles. He is a Chartered Accountant since 1997. His career includes important positions in leading organizations in various sectors like manufacturing and banking.

95. [B] $3 billion

Microsoft has significantly deepened its collaboration with India by announcing an initiative of substantial investments and partnerships aimed at enhancing the country's AI capabilities. On January 7, 2025, Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella revealed an investment of $3 billion over the next two years focused on AI and cloud infrastructure in India.

96. [B] 6.4%

India's real GDP growth is projected to slow to 6.4% for financial year 2024-25 (FY25), down from 8.2% in FY24, according to the National Statistical Office (NSO). This is the lowest growth rate in four years. Indicates slowdown in economic growth.

97. [B] Amit Shah

Union Home Minister Amit Shah launched the BharatPol portal, a landmark initiative aimed at enhancing India's capabilities in international crime investigations. Developed by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), the portal is designed to streamline communications between Indian law enforcement agencies and Interpol

98. [A] Enhancing cooperation in the fight against money laundering and terrorist financing

Recently, Financial Intelligence Unit-India (FIU-IND) and Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) aimed at enhancing cooperation in the fight against money laundering and terrorism financing. The agreement was formalised by FIU-IND Director Vivek Agarwal and IRDAI Member (Distribution) Satyajeet Tripathi.

99. [D] Om Birla

Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla inaugurated the Gandhi Darshan Art Gallery located near Rajghat in New Delhi. The gallery displays works by over 80 artists and aims to celebrate the legacy of Mahatma Gandhi through art.

100. [C] Indonesia

Indonesia has officially become the tenth full member of the BRICS group, which includes Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The announcement was made by Brazil, the current chair of BRICS for 2025. Indonesia's membership was unanimously approved by the existing members during the 2023 BRICS summit held in Johannesburg.

101. [A] Chirag Paswan

Union Minister Chirag Paswan will inaugurate the Indusfood 2025 exhibition on January 8 in Greater Noida. The event will run from January 8 to January 10, 2025. The event marks the 8th edition of Indusfood, recognised as Asia's leading food and beverage trade show.

102. [C] Om Birla

The Panchayat Se Parliament 2.0 initiative was inaugurated by Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla on January 6, 2025. The programme aims to empower 502 elected women representatives of Scheduled Tribes in 22 states and union territories of India. It is organised by the National Commission for Women (NCW) in collaboration with the Lok Sabha Secretariat and the Ministry of Tribal Affairs.

103. [B] New Delhi

Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone of Central Ayurveda Research Institute (CARI) in Rohini, New Delhi on January 5, 2025. This new facility, which will cover an area of 2.92 acres, is being built at a cost of around ₹187 crore. Its aim is to advance research and health care in Ayurveda.

104. [A] Hanoi

Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam, has recently been declared the most polluted city in the world. This dangerous situation was confirmed by data from AirVisual and IQAir, which showed that the concentration of PM2.5 particles in the air has reached well above the safe limit. In particular, PM2.5 levels in the city were recorded at 266 micrograms per cubic metre, 15 times more than the maximum daily exposure recommended by the World Health Organisation.

105. [A] 19

President Joe Biden recently awarded 19 distinguished individuals the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States' highest civilian award, during a ceremony held at the White House on January 4, 2025.

106. [A] 'Tejaswini'

The torch of the 38th National Games, named Tejaswini, has started its journey across Uttarakhand, visiting various cities of the state. This torch relay is an important part of the preparation for the National Games, which are scheduled to be held here from January 28 to February 14, 2025.

107. [D] Tripura

Tripura recorded the Banded Royal butterfly (Rachana jalindra indra) for the first time in Sepahijala Wildlife Sanctuary. It is a lycaenid butterfly found in South and Southeast Asia, including forests in Northeast India. Three subspecies exist in India: macantia (Southwest India to Goa), tarpina (Andamans), and indra (Orissa to West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Jharkhand). Males have deep purple sheen; females are brownish with white markings. The underwings are pale brown with white bands, giving a “banded” look.

108. [D] Maharashtra

Maharashtra is reviewing beneficiaries of the Ladki Bahin Scheme, launched in June 2024. Scheme supports women from economically weaker sections with ₹1,500 per month. Only women with an annual family income below ₹2.5 lakh are eligible. Budget also included free LPG cylinders for BPL families and free electricity for farmers. Scheme’s annual cost is ₹46,000 crore, raising concerns over financial sustainability. Finance department warned the expenses could affect payment of government salaries. Government aims to reduce beneficiaries to ease the financial burden.

109. [B] Vitamin B12

The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India clarified the use of methylcobalamin (MeCbl), an active form of Vitamin B12. Methylcobalamin, structurally distinct from other Vitamin B12 forms, contains a methyl group bonded to a cobalt atom. It is found in supplements and food sources like fish, meat, eggs, milk, and milk products. Vitamin B12 is essential for DNA synthesis, red blood cell production, and neurological function. Deficiency can cause severe health issues, often requiring supplementation. It supports vital functions like cell growth, blood formation, and protein synthesis.

110. [B] Open Data Kit (ODK)

The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) is using the Open Data Kit (ODK) platform to enhance transparency and accountability in public spending. ODK is a secure digital platform for designing, collecting, and managing data. It is integrated with CAG’s Operating System (OIOS) and provides end-to-end encryption. The platform helps identify problem areas and launch multilingual surveys. Beneficiary surveys support audit planning and evidence collection. ODK was used to assess patient satisfaction and audit the performance of AIIMS Mangalagiri and AIIMS Bibinagar.

111. [B] Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO)

The Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) has fully implemented the Centralized Pension Payments System (CPPS). CPPS allows 7.85 million pensioners to access their pensions from any bank or branch nationwide. It eliminates physical verifications and ensures seamless pension disbursement. The new system replaces the decentralised model, which relied on limited agreements with specific banks. Pensioners no longer need to transfer pension payment orders (PPO) when moving or changing banks. Pension amounts are immediately credited upon release, enhancing convenience and ease of living.

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